Transformer and neural network architecture papers explained

An architecture determines how information moves through a network. Attention connects distant tokens directly; recurrent and state space models compress the past into a state. Comparing these mechanisms reveals the trade-offs between expressive power, memory, and computation.

Start with the Transformer, examine how attention can run more efficiently without changing its result, then compare an alternative built around a selective state. Other explainers cover positional information, sparse experts, graphs, and earlier sequence models.

Start here

  1. Attention Is All You Need

    Build self-attention and the Transformer from embeddings to the encoder and decoder.

  2. FlashAttention

    See how organizing memory access makes exact attention more efficient.

  3. Mamba

    Compare attention with a state space model that selectively remembers its input.

All Architecture explainers

13 papers · newest explainers first